Nonviolent Communication (NVC) is a framework developed
by Marshall Rosenberg that offers a structured way of
understanding human experience and communication. Its
central insight is that all human behaviour is an attempt
to meet universal needs, and that feelings are signals
pointing toward whether those needs are being met or unmet.
## The Four Components
**Observations**
What is actually happening — separated as cleanly as
possible from interpretation or evaluation. Not *you
always ignore me* but *you didn't respond when I spoke
just now.*
**Feelings**
The emotional response to what is observed. Genuine
feelings (sad, anxious, angry) rather than thoughts
disguised as feelings (*I feel like you don't care*
is a thought, not a feeling).
**Needs**
The universal human need underneath the feeling.
Needs in NVC are not strategies or requests — they
are fundamental requirements for wellbeing that all
humans share. See [[Feelings & Needs MOC]].
**Requests**
A specific, doable, present-tense request — not a
demand. The difference is that a genuine request
can be declined without consequence to the
relationship.
## The Core Distinction
NVC draws a sharp line between *needs* and *strategies*.
A need is universal — connection, safety, autonomy.
A strategy is one particular way of attempting to meet
that need. Conflict almost always happens at the level
of strategies, not needs. Finding the need underneath
the strategy often opens possibilities that the
strategy-level conflict closes off.
## Feelings and Needs
The most practically useful part of NVC for self-
understanding is the feelings/needs connection.
When a feeling arrives, the NVC question is always:
*what need is this pointing toward?*
See [[Feelings & Needs MOC]] for the full working system.
## Limitations
NVC works best as an internal orientation rather than
a script to apply literally in conversation. Using NVC
language formulaically in heated situations often
lands as clinical or evasive. The framework is most
powerful when it has been internalised well enough
to inform genuine expression rather than replace it.
## Key Texts
- Marshall Rosenberg — *Nonviolent Communication:
A Language of Life*
- Oren Jay Sofer — *Say What You Mean*
## Related Notes
[[Feelings & Needs MOC]] | [[The Pause Protocol]]
[[Focusing - Gendlin]]